Group of diseases of the cardiovascular System
Group of diseases of the cardiovascular System
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Group of diseases of the cardiovascular systemThe cardiovascular system consists of heart, blood vessels, and blood, plays a Central function in the human body: It ensures the Transport of oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other vital substances to the cells and the removal of metabolic waste products such as carbon dioxide. Diseases of this system are one of the leading causes of death worldwide and represent a significant public health Problem.Definition and OverviewUnder diseases of the circulatory system (also cardiovascular disease, KVE, lat. morbi cardio vasculares) is a group of diseases that affect the heart and/or blood vessels. These diseases can occur acutely or over a long period of chronic.Main groups and important disease picturesThe main sub-groups of cardiovascular diseases include:Coronary heart disease (CHD): they are characterized by a decreased blood flow to the heart muscle due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (coronary sclerosis). These include:Angina pectoris (chest tightness)Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)Cerebrovascular disease: they affect the blood supply to the brain. Examples are:Stroke (stroke, for example, by thrombosis or embolism)transient ischemic attacks (TIA, transient disorders of blood circulation)High blood pressure (hypertension): A permanently elevated blood pressure, which can lead to damage to the heart, kidneys, eyes and blood vessels.Congestive heart failure: A condition in which the heart cannot adequately pump to supply the body adequately with blood.Arrhythmias: disturbances of the heart rhythm, such as:Atrial Fibrillation (Atrial Fibrillation)Ventricular fibrillationDiseases of the vascular walls:Atherosclerosis (calcification and hardening of the arteries)Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (paod, leg pain when walking)Aneurysms (Bulges of vascular walls)Flap error: malfunction of the heart valves, for example, stenosis (narrowing) or Regurgitation (leakage).Inflammatory Diseases:Endocarditis (inflammation of the inner heart surface)Myocarditis (inflammation of heart muscle)Pericarditis (inflammation of pericardium)Risk factorsAmong the modifiable risk factors:HypertensionIncreased Fats In The Blood (Dyslipidemia)SmokingDiabetes mellitusOverweight and obesityLack of exerciseStressUnhealthy DietNon-modifiable risk factors are age, gender (male) and a family-like pre-existing condition.Diagnosis and therapyThe diagnosis includes physical examination, laboratory parameters (e.g., lipid spectrum, Troponin), ECG, Holter ECG, ultrasound (echocardiography), stress tests, and imaging procedures such as CT and MRI.The therapy depends on the clinical picture and can-pharmacological measures (e.g., antihypertensives, statins, anticoagulants), include lifestyle-related interventions (Smoking cessation, exercise, nutrition) or surgery (coronary bypass, stent implantation, heart valve replacement).ConclusionDiseases of the cardiovascular system are many and varied, and often with significant impacts to health and life hazards. Early detection and treatment, as well as the influence of risk factors play a crucial role in the reduction of morbidity and mortality. Preventive measures on an individual and societal level are therefore of Central importance.
Isang malawak na pagpipilian ng mga gamot mismo pati na rin ng mga pamamaraan para sa pagbawas ng gamot mula sa mataas na presyon ang nagbibigay-daan sa iyo na pumili ng pinaka-komportableng programa ng paggamot – ang abot-kaya sa gastos, na may minimal na pagpapakita ng mga side effect, at isinasaalang-alang ang ibang kasamang sakit. Kapag matagal ang pag-inom ng tabletas at binabago ng doktor ang gamot, ito ay dahil ang ilang gamot ay may katangian na magdulot ng pagkagumon, na nagreresulta sa kaunting pagbaba ng bisa nito. Bukod dito, hindi lahat ng grupo ng gamot ay angkop para sa mga pasyente sa iba't ibang edad, at may mga limitasyon din sa pagiging compatible nito sa ibang uri ng gamot. Group of diseases of the cardiovascular System. Ang mga tableta para pababain ang presyon ng dugo ay natural na nakakatulong para mabilis itong bumalik sa normal, pero inirerekomenda rin na baguhin ang pamumuhay. Ang malusog na pagkain, kontrol sa timbang, regular na ehersisyo, at pag-iwas sa paninigarilyo at alak ay magagandang paraan para maiwasan ang mataas na presyon ng dugo. Siguraduhing mas kaunting sodium (hal. asin) at mas maraming potassium (mga saging, spinach, broccoli) ang mapapasok sa katawan.
The fight against cardiovascular diseases, the aim of
15 diseases of the circulatory System
A regional project, struggling with cardiovascular diseases
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Quote: Kardicidin capsules for the treatment of high blood pressure (arterial hypertension)IntroductionHypertension medical arterial hypertension referred to, is one of the most common cardiovascular disease worldwide. Without adequate therapy, it can lead to serious complications such as heart attack, stroke or kidney damage. The continuous reduction of the blood pressure to normal levels is considered to be a Central approach to the prevention and therapy.Pharmacological properties of KardicidinKardicidin capsules belong to the group of ACE inhibitors (Angiotensin‑converting enzyme inhibitors). The active ingredient Enalapril (in the Form of Enalaprilat after metabolism) suppresses the conversion of Angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor Peptide Angiotensin II. This leads to:a dilating effect on the arteries and veins;a reduction of peripheral vascular resistance;a reduced return of blood to the heart (preload);a long-term reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure.IndicationsKardicidin capsules are indicated for the long-term treatment of essential hypertension. In addition, you can find the application:the treatment of heart failure (e.g., after a heart attack);the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with high-risk profile.Dosage and administrationDiefangsdosis is typically 5 mg per day, taken orally. If necessary, the dose may be increased at intervals of 2-4 weeks, 10-20 mg/day. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 40 mg. The tablet can be taken with or without food, but it is recommended that a regular intake of the time.Side effectsThe most common side effects:dry cough (approximately 5-10 % of patients);Dizziness or headache;Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels);allergic reactions (e.g., angioedema);Impairment of renal function (in the Presence of renal disease).ContraindicationsKardicidin should not be used in:known Hypersensitivity to Enalapril, or any other ACE inhibitor;pre-existing angioedema associated with previous ACE inhibitor therapy;severe renal artery stenosis;Pregnancy and lactation (due to teratogenic effects).InteractionsConcomitant use with Potassium-sparing diuretics or potassium supplements supplements can increase the risk of Hyperkalemia. Also, the combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) may reduce the blood pressure lowering effect and impair renal function.ConclusionKardicidin capsules due to their proven efficacy and good tolerability is an important Option in the treatment of arterial hypertension. An individual dosing and regular monitoring of the blood pressure values, as well as laboratory parameters (in particular, potassium and creatinine) are for safe and effective therapy is needed.
