Cardiovascular diseases coronary heart disease
Cardiovascular diseases coronary heart disease
Ang arteryal na hypertension o hypertension ay isang kondisyon ng patuloy na systolic at diastolic na presyon ng dugo, kung saan ang mga sukatan ay lumalagpas sa 140/90 mmHg. Ang mataas na presyon ay nagpapakita ng mga hindi komportableng sintomas.
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Cardiovascular diseases: coronary heart diseaseCoronary heart disease (CHD), also called coronary artery disease referred to, is one of the most important cardiovascular diseases and is one of the leading causes of death. It is caused by a narrowing or occlusion of the coronary arteries, the heart muscle tissue supply with oxygen-rich blood.PathophysiologyThe Central pathophysiological mechanism of coronary atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammation of the inner vessel wall with subsequent deposition of lipids, in particular LDL‑cholesterol. This leads to the formation of atherosclerosis‑Placken (Plaques), which narrow the Lumen of the coronary vessels. The narrowing reduces the flow of blood to the heart muscle (myocardium), which leads, in particular, in the case of physical or emotional stress to an oxygen supply (ischemia).In severe cases, a complete closure of a coronary artery can occur as a result of thrombus formation, which leads to acute myocardial infarction.Risk factorsA number of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors conducive to the development of CHD:Non-modifiable factors:Age (the risk increases with age)Gender (men are at the age of 65. The age of affected more)Family history (genetic predisposition)Modifiable Factors:Hypertension (increased blood pressure)Hyperlipidemia (elevated blood fats, in particular, LDL)Diabetes mellitusSmokingOverweight and obesityLack of exerciseStress and psychosocial factorsClinical SymptomsThe typical symptoms of CHD are:Angina pectoris: a tight, aching, or burning pain behind the breastbone, which broadcasts often to the left Arm, the shoulder, the neck or the jaw. It typically occurs with exercise, and from the sounds alone.Shortness Of Breath (Dyspnea)Fatigue and impaired performanceIn atypical cases, Nausea, sweating, or upper abdominal discomfort may be experienced, especially in women and patients with Diabetes.DiagnosticsThe diagnosis of CHD is made by a combination of different methods:History and physical examinationLaboratory tests (lipid spectrum of blood sugar, inflammatory markers)Electrocardiogram (ECG) at rest and under stress (exercise ECG)Echocardiography (ultrasound of the heart)Nuclear Medicine Procedures (Myocardial Scintigraphy)Coronary angiography (cardiac catheterization) narrowing as the gold standard for the direct visualization of the vesselTherapyThe concept of therapy of CHD includes both non-pharmacological as well as pharmacological and interventional measures:Lifestyle changes:Smoking abstinencea healthy diet (e.g., Mediterranean diet)regular physical activityWeight reduction in OverweightBlood pressure and blood sugar controlDrug Therapy:Anticoagulants (for example, acetylsalicylic acid)Beta-blockersACE inhibitors or AT1 receptor blockersLipid-Lowering Drugs (Statins)Nitrates for pain relief in Angina pectorisInterventional and surgical procedures:Percutaneous coronary Intervention (PCI) with stent implantationAortocoronary Bypass surgery (CABG) in the case of extensive vascular changesForecast and preventionThe prognosis of CHD depends on the expression of the vascular changes, the Presence of risk factors and treatment adherence. Early diagnosis and consistent treatment can slow the progression of the disease and the risk for heart attacks and sudden cardiac death is significantly lower.Primary prevention-that is, the influence of risk factors even before the onset of the disease, and secondary prevention after myocardial infarction are Central elements in the fight against coronary heart disease.
Kung nagsimula na ang pag-inom ng gamot para sa mataas na presyon, hindi ibig sabihin na hindi na maaaring gawin ang karagdagang mga hakbang para palakasin ang katawan sa programa ng therapy. Ang benepisyo ng maingat na mga hakbang na pinagkasunduan ng doktor ay nakakatulong para mapigilan ang paglala ng sakit at maiwasang lumipat ito sa mas seryosong yugto. Cardiovascular diseases coronary heart disease. Ginagamit ito bilang biologically active na pampadagdag sa pagkain — dagdag na pinagmumulan ng mga bitamina — B2, B6, C, mga organikong asido — mansanas, succinic, glutamine. Mga sangkap: malic acid, succinic acid, glutamic acid, badan extract, ascorbic acid, bitamina B2, B6.
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Ang presyon ng dugo ay isa sa mga pangunahing indikasyon ng kalusugan, na hindi lamang sumasalamin sa puso at sistema ng sirkulasyon, kundi pati na rin sa aktibidad ng mga bato, mga organo ng endokrin, paggawa ng dugo, at ng sistema ng nerbiyos. Kaya naman, walang isang unibersal na gamot laban sa mataas na presyon ng dugo. Hindi ka basta basta puwedeng pumunta sa botika at magtanong ng 'tableta para sa presyon,' kasi agad na tatanungin ng parmasyutiko – anong gamot ang nireseta sa iyo ng doktor? Minsan, dinadagdagan ng doktor ang base na therapy (mga gamot na kailangang inumin araw-araw) ng mga gamot na iniinom kapag may krisis, kapag ang presyon ay sobrang taas at biglang tumaas. At ang dosis ay pinipili rin nang napaka-indibidwal. Kaya imposible na sabihin kung alin ang pinakamahusay na gamot sa presyon, sa bawat kaso ay magkakaroon ng sariling kombinasyon na bagay sa iyo.
Bisoprolol: your Partner in the treatment of hypertensionDo you often feel tired, dizzy or have a headache? These symptoms can be signs of high blood pressure (hypertension) — a disease, which, if not treated, serious health complications.Bisoprolol your body helps to bring the blood pressure in the healthy areas. This medicine belongs to the group of beta-blockers and acts in the following way:lowers gently and sustainably blood pressure;relieves the heart and improves its function;reduces the risk of heart and vascular diseases;provides a reliable, long-term control.Why Bisoprolol?Effectiveness: Clinical studies confirm the high efficacy of Bisoprolol in the lowering of blood pressure.Compatibility: Many patients report a good tolerability and minimal side effects.Easy to use: One tablet per day is often sufficient to keep the blood pressure stable.Trusted by Doctors: Bisoprolol is recommended by cardiologists and General practitioners worldwide for the treatment of hypertension.Important Note:Before you start taking Bisoprolol, talk with your doctor. Only a specialist can determine the correct dosage and to their state of health rate.You take control of your health — talk with your doctor about Bisoprolol!Taking medication should always be taken under a doctor's supervision.
